Torrefaction of Agricultural and Wood Waste: Comparative Analysis of Selected Fuel Characteristics

Abundant biomass is a potential energy source. However, it possesses several challenges when considered for applications. Torrefaction, thermal pretreatment process can improve the properties of as This study focused on comparing effect torrefaction operating parameters agricultural and wood wastes fuel. The physiochemical properties, composition, moisture-biomass interaction ash melting behavior were determined. result show that higher temperature longer residence time increased lignin content, reduced hemicellulose cellulose content. moisture uptake torrefied was in range 2.47–9.94% compared with raw depending indicate more hydrophobic than biomass. adsorption isotherm curve shows type II based Brunauer-Emmett-Teller’s (BET) classification best described by Oswin model. In addition, treatment showed significant influence ash. Especially wastes, fouling tendency shifted from serious to low treatment. Torrefaction promise improving fuel characteristics studied